When it comes to choosing a monitor,the vast majority of users only care about the brand and screen size,while often neglecting the importance of parameters such as panel type,resolution,refresh rate,and color gamut.Below,Xiaolong from the PC assembly home will share a detailed explanation of computer monitor parameters in a way that is easy to understand,to popularize science for everyone.
A Comprehensive Guide to Computer Monitor Parameters
1.Monitor Size
In the market,the choice of monitor size mainly focuses on 24-32 inches.The screen size is not necessarily the larger the better.At present,the most suitable screen size is almost between 24-27 inches,suitable for various scenarios such as office work,design,and gaming.
A 32-inch or larger size is more suitable for watching movies or racing games.If used for FPS e-sports,a 32-inch screen may be a bit too large,making e-sports games relatively tiring,and requiring constant looking around.
2.Resolution
What is resolution?Let's first understand it.
We know that the images displayed on a monitor are composed of pixel points.In fact,resolution is the number of pixel points displayed horizontally and vertically on the screen.
For example,if you have a 1K monitor with a resolution of 1920X1080,it means that the monitor has 1920 pixel points horizontally and 1080 pixel points vertically.
Under the same size of the monitor,the more pixel points on the screen (the higher the resolution),the clearer and more delicate the image performance will be.So for designers when choosing a monitor,they usually pay more attention to the resolution and will consider 2K or even 4K resolution monitors,which can display more details and clarity of the work.
For gamers,it is important to be cautious when choosing the resolution of a monitor,especially when playing AAA games.They need to consider whether the computer's graphics card can handle 2K or 4K resolutions,because the higher the resolution,the more delicate and clear the picture is,but the performance requirements for the graphics card also increase accordingly.
3.Refresh Rate
What is the refresh rate?
The refresh rate is the number of times the screen is refreshed with new images per second.For example,if your monitor has a refresh rate of 75Hz,it can refresh 75 images per second.If your monitor has a refresh rate of 165Hz,it can refresh 165 images per second,which means the images are more coherent,smooth,and natural,and can reduce image lag.
However,for general office work,browsing the internet,watching videos,and other daily uses,a high refresh rate is not very useful.A refresh rate of 60Hz/75Hz is usually sufficient.
But when it comes to FPS (First-Person Shooter) esports games,the refresh rate becomes particularly important.A high refresh rate can bring more coherent and smooth images,effectively preventing the game screen from having trailing shadows,delays,blur,and tearing,so a high refresh rate is basically a standard configuration for esports monitors.
Many friends used to play games on a 60Hz monitor and felt very smooth and silky.After switching to a 144/165Hz high refresh rate monitor for a while,
if they switch back to a 60Hz monitor,they find that they can't go back.The 60Hz monitor will make you feel an inexplicable image card,not smooth.4.Panel Type
The type of monitor panel refers to the material used in the monitor panel.The current mainstream panel types are TN,IPS,and VA,each with its own characteristics.The advantage of TN panels is the fastest response time,which can achieve a 1ms response time.However,the color and color accuracy are the worst,and the viewing angle is relatively small.At present,monitors with TN panels have almost been phased out,
and the market is mainly dominated by IPS and VA panels.
VA panels are slightly inferior to IPS in terms of color and color accuracy,but they have a higher contrast ratio,and the black is purer.VA belongs to soft screens and can be used on curved screens.99% of the curved monitors we choose are VA panels.
IPS panels perform the best in terms of color and color accuracy,and have the widest viewing angle.However,there are also some disadvantages.
IPS panels are prone to light leakage,and the details of the dark parts of the picture are relatively poor,and the black purity is not enough.There are also panels such as NanoIPS or FastIPS introduced by manufacturers,which are all improved versions of IPS panels,aimed at solving the response time problem for gaming monitors.
NanoIPS panels are a new type of IPS liquid crystal panel introduced by LG.NanoIPS can cover a wider color range,and the color accuracy will be much better.Both in terms of response time and color performance,it is superior to ordinary IPS.However,the biggest shortcoming is that the contrast ratio of NanoIPS is slightly lower,and the details of the dark parts of the picture are relatively poor.This is a common problem of IPS,and the 1ms GTG gray scale response time marked is slightly watery,and the actual time is about 3ms.
FastIPS panels are fast liquid crystal panels introduced by AU Optronics.The official claim of Fast IPS panels is that the GTG gray scale response time can reach a true 1ms response,
but the actual time is about 2-3ms.The response time is slightly faster than NanoIPS.Due to the pursuit of response time of FastIPS,it may sacrifice color performance,but fortunately,based on IPS,the color is undoubtedly better than TN.At present,major manufacturers are also vigorously promoting MiniLED backlighting.MiniLED backlighting replaces the entire backlight of the LCD with several LED lights as the backlight source of the display.When displaying dark and black colors,the backlight of the area can be controlled to dim or turn off individually,which can greatly improve the contrast ratio of the display,and the peak brightness is extremely high.
However,the shortcomings of MiniLED are also very obvious.The cost is relatively high,and there will be a halo phenomenon in the small range of high light.Although the halo can be reduced by increasing the partition,it still cannot be perfectly solved.The main reason is that the partition of MiniLED cannot reach the pixel-level density of the display.
There is also OLED.OLED is different from the traditional LCD display method.It uses organic materials as the light-emitting material,and stimulates these materials to emit light through the current,without the need for a backlight lamp.The main advantage is the extremely high contrast ratio,and the response speed is extremely fast.However,the disadvantages are high cost,low peak brightness,low full-screen high light brightness,short lifespan,and easy to burn the screen.
In fact,no panel will be completely perfect,so it depends on the user to weigh the pros and cons.5.Response Time
Response time generally refers to the gray-to-gray response time,which is the speed at which the display reacts to input signals.It is the time it takes for the liquid crystal particles to transition from dark to bright or from bright to dark,measured in milliseconds (ms),and consists of two parts: "rise time" and "fall time." The response time commonly discussed is the sum of the two.
For FPS e-sports gamers,response time is quite important.
The duration of the response time can affect the cleanliness and crispness of the display's image changes,eliminate tail dragging,and improve the reaction speed and smoothness of dynamic images.Therefore,the shorter the gray-to-gray response time,the better.Currently,e-sports players who want to focus on response time can consider Fast IPS panels.6.Contrast Ratio
The contrast ratio of a display is actually the brightness contrast between black and white colors,and it's not always better to be higher.It needs to be under a reasonable brightness value,the higher the contrast ratio,the richer the color levels that can be displayed.
The contrast ratio mentioned here is static contrast ratio.Some manufacturers claim dynamic contrast ratios that can reach hundreds of thousands to one,or even millions to one,which is just a gimmick to make consumers feel impressed,but in reality,it has no reference value.
Some manufacturers also pursue high contrast ratios by blindly increasing brightness,which doesn't actually help in practical use and may even reduce the lifespan of the display.
In general working scenarios,the optimal contrast ratio for a display is between 60-80,and the brightness should be between 40-60.When playing games,it is recommended to adjust the brightness and contrast ratio to between 80-100 for a better visual effect.
7.Color Depth
Color depth refers to the smoothness of the color transition on the display,or the fineness of the colors.The Bit value of the display,such as 6Bit,8Bit,10Bit,is actually the "color depth" parameter,which refers to the levels of color.For example,6bit indicates 64 shades of gray,supporting 262,144 colors; 8bit indicates 256 shades of gray,supporting 16.7 million colors; and 10bit indicates 1024 shades of gray,supporting 1.07 billion colors.The more shades of gray,the finer the colors,and the more uniform the color transition.The larger the Bit value of the display,the better,as it means the display can have more vivid color levels and it is easier to distinguish between similar colors.However,some monitors on the market are not natively 8-bit or 10-bit.
Manufacturers use a technique called Frame Rate Conversion (FRC) pixel shaking technology to achieve a similar effect.For example,6-bit to 8-bit shaking allows a 6-bit monitor to achieve an effect very close to an 8-bit monitor.Similarly,8-bit to 10-bit shaking allows an 8-bit monitor to achieve an effect close to a 10-bit monitor.However,since they are not native,they can only approach the effect of native monitors.But for non-professional users,there is no need to be concerned about whether the monitor is natively 6-bit,8-bit,or 10-bit.More attention should be paid to professional designers and colorists.8.Color Accuracy and Color Gamut
Color accuracy refers to the accuracy of a monitor's color reproduction,indicating the deviation between the displayed color and the standard color.Generally,a smaller value is better,and a value of ΔE<3 is considered to be almost indistinguishable.
Color gamut refers to the range of colors a monitor can display.There are three common screen color gamut standards: sRGB,NTSC,and Adobe RGB.
1.NTSC: NTSC is a television color standard and has the widest color gamut.
However,it is now outdated,and there is almost no content based on the NTSC color standard today.It is only used as a reference.2.sRGB: The default color space supported by Microsoft's Windows system and many native software applications.sRGB is approximately 72% of NTSC.
3.Adobe RGB: Adobe RGB is a color gamut standard introduced by Adobe.Adobe RGB is approximately 95% of NTSC.
The sRGB color space range is smaller than the Adobe RGB and NTSC color standards.However,sRGB is the most widely used color space in the world,and most monitors only support the sRGB color gamut range,which is approximately equivalent to sRGB ≈ 72% NTSC,Adobe RGB ≈ 95% NTSC.The approximation is because even 100% NTSC cannot completely cover 100% sRGB.Therefore,if a monitor only indicates the NTSC color gamut,it is considered a pitfall.Among them,Adobe RGB has a wider color gamut than sRGB and can represent more delicate cyan and green colors.
Currently,many monitor manufacturers have marked more than 100% sRGB,such as 120% sRGB,
130% sRGB,which is a conceptual confusion.Generally,more than 100% sRGB,such as 120% sRGB,130% sRGB,refers to the color gamut volume,not the color gamut coverage.The color gamut may not cover 100% of sRGB.9.HDR TechnologyToday's monitors,mobile phones,and televisions have all incorporated HDR technology.Compared to traditional SDR,HDR technology can provide better color accuracy,contrast,and brightness.It can simultaneously present richer details in both dark and bright areas,avoiding scenes where the dark areas are too dark and the bright areas are too bright,offering a visual effect close to that of the human eye.
Currently,HDR is divided into several levels based on brightness,such as HDR400,HDR500,HDR600,HDR1000,and so on,with higher certification levels being better.
There are also display manufacturers in the market who mark HDR10,mainly because they cannot meet the HDR400 brightness standard.Some displays use HDR Effect technology,which is a simulated HDR effect,not a true HDR,and cannot be turned on in the game screen settings.
Whether it is HDR10 or HDR400,the effect is not very ideal,and the actual effect is similar to the simulated one.HDR600 has a good brightness and contrast,although it cannot experience the original HDR light and dark details,it will also have a good color standard.If you want to pursue the truly original HDR,it is only meaningful to choose at least HDR1000,but the display is also more expensive.
The brightness of a liquid crystal display should be adjusted to a minimum of 40 and a maximum of 80,which is also the least harmful to the eyes.The higher the resolution of the display,the darker the brightness should be adjusted.
10.G-sync and Free-sync vertical synchronization technology
We know that when the fixed refresh rate of the display and the frame rate of the graphics card are not synchronized,the game screen may have tearing and frame skipping problems.To solve this problem,current e-sports displays will have G-sync or Free-sync vertical synchronization technology.
In fact,the working method and technical principle of G-sync and Free-sync are basically the same,
both belonging to adaptive enhanced vertical synchronization technology,which ensures that the screen is no longer torn,carded,delayed,etc.,within a certain limit.The difference between the two is that G-Sync requires the installation of a hardware chip developed by NVIDIA inside the display,so it will increase the cost of the display and the effect will be better.FreeSync is free and open source,and does not require a separate chip,so the cost is low and the effect is acceptable.
The above is the computer display parameter meaning science popularization that the installation home shared,hoping that this knowledge can help you in the selection of the display.
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